Geography

A narrow strip of somewhat high land about 8 kilometers in width along the southern bank of the Ganges having very fertile soil.
Alluvial fertlie plains in the remaining portions. After creation of the new district of Patna does not contain any hilly region. It has an entirely alluvial and flat region.
The land in the district is too fertile to be left for wild growth. The district is devoid of any forest wealth of consequences. The alluvial text of land yields rice, sugarcane and other foodgrains. The area under cultivation is studded with mango orchads and bamboo clumps. In the fields adjoining the Ganges weeds such as ammannia, citriculari, hygrophile and sesbania grow. But palmyra and date palm and mango orchards are found near habitations. Dry shrub jungles are sometimes seen in the villages away from the rivers. Trees commonly met with are bel, siris, jack fruits and the red cotton tree.

Climate
In Patna the summer temperatures rise very high as the hot tropical sun beats down with all its intensity. The city, being near four large rivers, experiences a rather high humidity throughout the year.
The summer begins in April and peaks in June/July with the temperature soaring up to 46° C till the moisture laiden monsoon wind bring some much-needed relief to the parched fields. The rains last through August & September and continue into early October. The northern Indian winters bring bitter cold nights and sunny days to Patna from November to February till the arrival of the spring that brings the weather to a full cycle.
The local almanac divides the year into six seasons of roughly two months each. Apart from the usual four seasons: Summer, Monsoon, Winter and Spring, you may add mild winter between Monsoon and Winter and Mild summer just before the onslaught of the severe north Indian summer.

Demography
As per census 2001 the population of Patna District is over 4,718,592 (Male - 2,519,942 and Female-2,198,650). The growth rate is (1991-2001) is 30.17%. Overall Literacy rate is 62.9%, and female Literacy rate is 50.8%. Many languages are spoken in Patna. Hindi is the official language of the state of Bihar. English is also spoken extensively. (Source: Census of India 2001)
The native dialect is Magahi. Other dialects from other regions of Bihar spoken widely in Patna are Bhojpuri, and Maithili. Other languages spoken in Patna include Bengali, Urdu and Oriya.